GDPR
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The previous chapters mapped the systems: data fusion, detention classification, supervision scoring, text analytics, biometric matching. Each operates differently. Each creates a different evidentiary problem. But the legal challenge in each case follows the same analytical structure, because the legal defects — opacity, inaccuracy, absence of meaningful review, failure of individualized judgment — are the…
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In the previous chapter we established the compliance architecture of the EU AI Act — the risk pyramid, the prohibited practices, the mandatory obligations for high-risk systems, the transparency and human oversight requirements. We ended with a new standard of care: lawyers advising on AI systems must now understand not just the outcome of a…
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In the previous chapter we established that the GDPR is the constitutional shield of the European digital order — the law that protects individuals against algorithmic decisions before any AI-specific regulation existed. The AI Act builds on top of that shield. It does not replace it, and it was never designed to. What it does…